Glycolic Acid For Hair: Benefits, Side Effects And How To Use It

Glycolic acid, a type of alpha-hydroxy acid found in foods, is a hit in the skincare world. Many people with acne or dull skin include glycolic acid in their skincare routine. But did you know that this natural acid derived from sugar cane is also beneficial for your hair? While netizens have been raving about glycolic acid for its ability to get rid of dandruff, it can also work wonders for people with oily hair and those dealing with hair loss. But you have to be careful when it comes to glycolic acid concentration and duration if you want to enjoy these benefits. Too much glycolic acid can cause scalp irritation. So, before you use glycolic acid for hair, learn how much you need and how to use it safely.

What is glycolic acid?

Glycolic acid is a water-soluble alpha-hydroxy acid derived from sugar cane. It is most commonly used as an exfoliating agent, according to research published in Cosmetic Dermatology in 2009. It is widely used in skin care as it can help remove dead skin cells, promote cell turnover, and improve skin texture and tone, says dermatologist Dr. Mikki Singh.

What are the benefits of glycolic acid for hair?

Here are some of the benefits of glycolic acid for hair:

1. Dandruff Removal

On TikTok, users have been promoting a glycolic acid “hair hack.” They claim that the acid helps remove dandruff, which is basically a buildup of dead skin. Well, they weren’t wrong. One of the significant benefits of glycolic acid is its exfoliating properties, which help relieve common scalp issues like dandruff, itching, and flaking, says dermatologist Dr. Pawan Singh. By breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together, glycolic acid allows them to be easily sloughed off.

2. Control oil production

Glycolic acid is great for people with oily scalps because it can remove excess sebum. This can help control sebum production and keep the scalp cleaner, says Dr. Mikki. Additionally, its antibacterial and antimicrobial properties help cleanse the scalp, reducing the presence of harmful bacteria.

3. Stimulation of hair growth

Glycolic acid improves blood circulation in the scalp, nourishing hair follicles and promoting hair growth. Improved blood flow can deliver essential nutrients and oxygen to the hair roots, supporting the hair growth cycle.

4. Improved hair texture

Using glycolic acid can improve the texture of your hair by smoothing the cuticle. This makes your hair smoother, shinier, and more manageable. Smooth cuticles reflect light better, resulting in healthier, more vibrant-looking hair.

5. Greater product absorption

This acid can improve the absorption of hair care products. When incorporated into a hair care routine, it can optimize the effectiveness of conditioners, serums, and hair treatments by allowing for better penetration into the hair shaft, ensuring maximum benefits from these products, says Dr. Pawan.

What should the concentration of glycolic acid be?

For hair and scalp treatments, a glycolic acid concentration of 5 to 10 percent is generally effective, says Dr. Mikki. Lower concentrations are safer for home use. They are effective but gentle to use.

How to use glycolic acid on hair?

You can apply a low-strength glycolic acid serum directly to your hair and scalp. Massage it in gently, wait 20 to 30 minutes, and then rinse it out with your regular shampoo. It’s best to use it at night or cover your head if you go out in the sun after using it, as glycolic acid can make your scalp more susceptible to sunburn, says Dr. Pawan.

What are the side effects of using glycolic acid on hair?

It’s generally safe for your scalp and hair if you use a glycolic acid hair care product with a concentration of less than 10 percent. You also shouldn’t use glycolic acid more than once or twice a week and no more than 20 to 30 minutes at a time, says Dr. Pawan. Exceeding the recommended concentration, duration, or frequency of application can cause some side effects:

Glycolic acid can improve the health of your hair. But prolonged exposure can damage your hair and scalp. It can lead to adverse reactions, such as scalp irritation.