Azelaic Acid for Acne: Benefits, How to Use It, and Side Effects

Tired of stubborn acne that won’t go away even after trying a million tricks? It’s time to try azelaic acid. This powerful skincare ingredient, derived from grains like wheat, barley, and rye, may not be as famous as salicylic or hyaluronic acid, but it’s a game-changer for your skin. Azelaic acid helps stimulate the production of new skin cells, which can help fade those pesky acne scars. Plus, its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties make it an ideal solution for fighting acne and soothing eczema flare-ups. Learn all about the benefits of using azelaic acid for acne or breakouts.

What is Azelaic Acid?

Azelaic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid found in grains such as rye, barley, and wheat. “It is used in skin care products for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and keratolytic properties. This makes it an effective ingredient in treating acne, rosacea, and hyperpigmentation by unclogging pores, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting melanin production,” explains dermatologist Dr. Rinky Kapoor. Available in gel, cream, moisturizer, and serum forms, it can also be applied topically and has many benefits, including improving skin tone and texture.

How does azelaic acid work on acne?

Topical azelaic acid is an effective treatment for addressing several factors that contribute to breakouts. Here’s how azelaic acid works for acne:

1. It has antibacterial properties

Azelaic acid targets and reduces the growth of acne-causing bacteria, such as Propionibacterium acnes. This fact is supported by a study published in the Italian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology, which highlights the ability of azelaic acid to inhibit bacterial growth.

2. Anti-inflammatory effects

The acid helps relieve inflammation and calm the redness associated with acne. “This reduces the swelling and irritation often seen with breakouts, which can cause uneven skin tone,” says Dr. Kapoor.

3. Keratolytic and comedolytic action

Azelaic acid promotes the shedding of dead skin cells and prevents clogged pores, which are common acne triggers. A study in Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology reveals that these properties help reduce the formation of blackheads and whiteheads.

4. Improves skin cell turnover

By promoting the natural process of skin cell renewal, azelaic acid helps remove dead skin cells and prevents the formation of new acne lesions.

5. Reduces hyperpigmentation

If some areas of your skin are darker than others, you probably have hyperpigmentation. Azelaic acid inhibits the enzyme tyrosinase, which helps lighten post-acne pigmentation and dark spots, improving overall skin tone.

Overall, azelaic acid is an effective treatment for controlling and improving acne-prone skin.

Is Azelaic Acid Better Than Salicylic Acid for Acne?

Salicylic acid and azelaic acid are both effective acne treatments, but they work differently. Dr. Kapoor explains, “Salicylic acid, a beta-hydroxy acid, exfoliates the skin and unclogs pores by dissolving dead skin cells and excess sebum. This makes it especially effective for treating blackheads and whiteheads. Azelaic acid, a dicarboxylic acid, reduces inflammation and kills acne-causing bacteria, while also encouraging skin cell turnover.” It’s especially helpful for those with sensitive skin or those who suffer from redness and post-acne marks.

For deep pore cleansing and oil control, salicylic acid is often more effective. However, for an overall improvement in skin texture and to reduce redness, azelaic acid may be preferable. Both can be helpful in combating acne or breakouts. However, do not think of combining these two ingredients.

How to use azelaic acid for acne?

When using azelaic acid for acne, the amount and method of application may vary depending on the form of the product. Here’s how to apply each product:

1. Azelaic acid cream or moisturizer

Start by cleansing your skin and gently patting it dry. Apply a thin layer of cream to the affected areas twice a day, once in the morning and once before bed. Make sure the product is fully absorbed before applying other skin care products.

2. Azelaic Acid Serum

Before using the serum, do a patch test to check for any adverse reactions. Cleanse and dry your face thoroughly, then apply a few drops of serum to a small area of ​​skin. Wait 24 hours to see if any redness or irritation occurs. “If there are no adverse effects, apply a thin layer of serum all over your face. Use the serum after applying your moisturizer,” suggests Dr. Kapoor.

Health Shots recommends: Top 7 Azelaic Acid Serums to Reduce Acne and Hyperpigmentation

3. Azelaic acid gel

Often used to treat rosacea, the gel should be applied twice daily. Cleanse your face before application and apply a thin layer of gel to the affected areas in the morning and evening.

Note: Azelaic acid can increase skin sensitivity and the risk of sunburn. Therefore, it is essential to use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 during the day to protect your skin from UV damage.

What are the side effects of azelaic acid?

Azelaic acid is generally well tolerated, but it can cause some side effects you should be aware of:

• Burning or tingling sensation: This can occur soon after application and is usually mild.
• Peeling skin: The skin may begin to flake or peel in the area where the product is applied.
• Itchy or irritated skin: Some people may also experience itching or irritation.
• Dryness or redness: Azelaic acid may cause dryness of the skin, which may be subject to redness in the area of ​​application of the product.

These side effects are often due to the slow production of certain skin proteins caused by azelaic acid. This can lead to the breakdown of the outer layer of skin and cause irritation. Additionally, using products with astringents, exfoliants, alcohol-based cleansers, or scrubs can exacerbate these problems.

Some less common side effects include:

• Pain
• Intense redness
• Swelling
• Blisters and scaly skin
• Fever

If you experience serious side effects or symptoms that do not improve, stop using azelaic acid and consult a doctor.

Who should avoid azelaic acid?

“Azelaic acid should be avoided by anyone with severe allergies, extremely sensitive skin, open wounds, or active infections. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also refrain from using azelaic acid or consult a doctor before use,” says Dr. Kapoor. It’s also best to avoid combining azelaic acid with other irritants, such as retinoids or harsh exfoliants, to prevent further irritation.